Preventing Falls: A Podiatrist’s Perspective

Falls are a significant concern, particularly for older adults, as they can lead to severe injuries, hospitalisation, and even a decline in quality of life. In a recent episode of "Conversations with G and G," Tom, a podiatrist from Geelong Mobile Podiatry, shared his expertise on how proper foot care and podiatry assessments can play a vital role in fall prevention.

Tom, who holds a Bachelor of Applied Science in Podiatry from the Queensland University of Technology and a Master of Public Health from the University of Queensland, has extensive experience in both hospital and private practice settings across Queensland and Victoria. His clinical work, coupled with published research on diabetic foot care and wound management, positions him as a leading voice in the field.

The Impact of Falls

Falls are the leading cause of hospitalization and serious injury among older adults. As Tom explains, the risk of falling increases due to a combination of factors associated with aging, including reduced muscle strength, coordination, and bone mass. Chronic conditions such as diabetes, stroke, and cognitive impairments further exacerbate the risk.

"When we age, various factors come into play—like decreased muscle strength and coordination, chronic conditions, and even vision problems—that increase the likelihood of falls," Tom notes. He emphasizes that even a simple fall can have significant consequences, particularly for older adults, who may face fractures and a lengthy rehabilitation process.

Early Prevention Strategies

Tom highlights the importance of staying active and healthy throughout life, particularly from middle age onward. "We start losing muscle strength and body mass from our 30s and 40s, which can lead to weaker bones and a higher risk of fractures," he says. For women, menopause can accelerate this process, making them more prone to osteoporosis.

To mitigate these risks, Tom recommends structured strength and balance training programs, which have been shown to reduce the risk of falls by up to 30%. These programs, guided by exercise physiologists or physiotherapists, focus on maintaining muscle and bone mass, which is crucial for fall prevention.

The Role of Foot Health

Foot health plays a critical role in maintaining balance and preventing falls. Tom explains that as we age, our feet undergo significant changes, including reduced skin resilience, decreased joint range of motion, and the development of conditions like bunions, hammer toes, and arthritis. These changes can impair balance and increase the risk of falling.

Addressing foot pain is essential, as those with foot pain are more likely to fall. Tom advises regular podiatry assessments to manage foot conditions and ensure proper footwear. "Shoes should be comfortable, well-fitting, and secure," he advises. "Avoiding high heels and ensuring shoes have good grip and support can make a significant difference."

Footwear and Fall Prevention

The right footwear is crucial for fall prevention. Tom recommends shoes that are comfortable, have a secure fit, and provide adequate grip. He cautions against wearing slippers or shoes that do not attach securely to the foot, as they can increase the risk of tripping. "Footwear with laces or Velcro is ideal, especially for those who may have difficulty reaching down to fasten their shoes," Tom suggests.

He also highlights the importance of choosing shoes that fit well from the start, rather than relying on them to stretch over time. "Get professionally fitted shoes, and shop at the end of the day when your feet are more swollen to ensure a proper fit," he advises.

Addressing Fear of Falling

Fear of falling is another critical aspect of fall prevention. After experiencing a fall or even a near-miss, individuals may develop a fear of falling, which can lead to reduced activity, social isolation, and a downward spiral in physical and mental health. Tom stresses the importance of addressing this fear and encourages those at risk to engage in programs that build confidence and maintain mobility.

In conclusion, fall prevention is a multifaceted approach that involves staying active, maintaining muscle and bone mass, addressing foot health, and choosing the right footwear. Regular assessments by healthcare professionals, including podiatrists, can play a crucial role in identifying and managing risk factors, ultimately helping to prevent falls and maintain quality of life.