3 Warning Signs of Malnutrition in Older Australians & When to Refer a Dietitian
in an older person’s health. One of the greatest risks to their independence and well-being is malnutrition, which can lead to falls, poor wound healing, and a decline in strength.
Dietitian Pip Spence highlights that many older people she sees in residential care are already malnourished because they lacked nutritional support at home. As a family carer , knowing the warning signs can make all the difference.
The Top 3 Red Flags to Watch For
A carer's insight is often the first and most valuable tool in identifying a nutritional problem. Pip gives these top three flags that signal a referral to an Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD) is needed:
Unexplained Weight Loss (Subtle Signs): This is the number one flag. You may not notice a drop on the scale, but look for:
Clothes becoming noticeably loose
Jewellery (rings, watches) feeling slack
Dentures no longer fitting well
Chewing or Swallowing Difficulties: This is a major area of concern. If a loved one is constantly clearing their throat, coughing during meals, or avoiding high-protein foods like meat (which can be hard to chew), they may need a speech pathologist or a modified diet plan from an APD.
Bowel or Gut Issues: Persistent nausea, an upset stomach, or bowel problems can often be a sign that the body is not absorbing nutrients correctly or that their overall diet is insufficient or unbalanced.
“If you are looking after someone and you feel like they're not eating enough, that would be a reason to refer.” — Pip Spence
How a Dietitian Assessment Helps
If you've noticed any of these red flags, a referral to a dietitian is essential. Their assessment is holistic and covers far more than just food:
Clinical Review: Checking medical history, medications (which can impact appetite and absorption), and looking at recent blood tests (pathology).
The Fridge & Cupboard Check: Pip will physically look at the food in the home. Is there spoiled food? Is the cupboard mostly just 'tea and toast' staples? This provides crucial context on their ability to shop, manage, and prepare meals.
Creating a Custom Plan: The outcome is an individualised and practical care plan focused on the person's goals. This might involve introducing nutritionally dense foods like high-protein yoghurt, fortifying meals, or linking them with meal services or cooking support.
As Pip advises, getting the right, qualified support can lead to the enjoyment of better health, better safety, and ultimately, a better chance of staying in the home for longer.
Learn more about the program or access resources to support your caregiving journey through the following links:
Department of Health and Aged Care - www.health.gov.au/our-work/support-at-home/about
My Aged Care - www.myagedcare.gov.au/support-home-program
Carer Gateway - www.carergateway.gov.au/help-and-support/getting-support-carergatewy